[1]庄加玮,陈庚阳,刘楠楠,等.铸造车间热工艺伴生散发类高温颗粒的污染特征研究[J].常州大学学报(自然科学版),2024,36(05):84-92.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-0411.2024.05.010]
　ZHUANG Jiawei,CHEN Gengyang,LIU Nannan,et al.Study on pollution characteristics of emitted high-temperature particles associated with thermal process in the casting workshops[J].Journal of Changzhou University(Natural Science Edition),2024,36(05):84-92.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-0411.2024.05.010]
点击复制

铸造车间热工艺伴生散发类高温颗粒的污染特征研究()
分享到：

常州大学学报(自然科学版)[ISSN:2095-0411/CN:32-1822/N]

卷:
第36卷
期数:
2024年05期
页码:
84-92
栏目:
环境科学与工程
出版日期:
2024-09-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on pollution characteristics of emitted high-temperature particles associated with thermal process in the casting workshops
文章编号:
2095-0411(2024)05-0084-09
作者:
庄加玮1; 2; 3;  陈庚阳1; 2;  刘楠楠2;  刘恩海1; 2;  郭 强1; 2;  刁永发3
1.常州大学 城市建设学院, 江苏 常州 213164; 2.常州大学 石油与天然气工程学院, 江苏 常州 213164; 3.东华大学 环境科学与工程学院, 上海 201620
Author(s):
ZHUANG Jiawei1; 2; 3;  CHEN Gengyang1; 2;  LIU Nannan2;  LIU Enhai1; 2;  GUO Qiang1; 2;  DIAO Yongfa3
1.School of Urban Construction, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; 2.School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; 3.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
关键词:
铸造车间;  粉尘颗粒;  物化特性;  暴露量
Keywords:
casting workshop;  dust particles;  physicochemical properties;  exposure dose
分类号:
X 513
DOI:
10.3969/j.issn.2095-0411.2024.05.010
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
通过实验测试结合暴露量计算,对某国企铸造车间不同工艺区域的颗粒微观特征、浓度分布及暴露特性进行研究,分析局部通风改造后铸造车间热工艺伴生散发类高温颗粒的污染特征。结果表明粉尘颗粒形状各异、表面孔隙发达、比表面积大,且含有大量Fe,Al,Si等元素氧化物,同时携带Mn,Ti,Cr等致癌重金属元素。此外,10 μm颗粒从10 m高空沉降至地面需要近24 h,铸造厂房环境已基本达到卫生标准,在有防护条件下,工人细颗粒物(PM2.5)和可吸入颗粒物(PM10)日摄入量是普通民用建筑中人员日摄入量的5～10倍。因此,铸造车间岗位环境仍比较恶劣,急需开发更有效的防护工具及优化通风系统设计。
Abstract:
To clarify the pollution characteristics of high-temperature particles associated with the thermal process in the foundry workshop with local ventilation systems, the microscopic characteristics, concentration distribution and personal exposure of particles in different process post areas of a state-owned enterprise casting workshop were investigated by experimental tests combined with exposure calculation in present study. The results show that the dust particles have different shapes, developed surface voids, large specific surface area, and contain a large amount of oxides of Fe, Al, Si, while carrying Mn, Ti, Cr and other carcinogenic heavy metal elements. In addition, it takes nearly 24 h for 10 μm particles to settle from a height of 10 m to the ground, and the concentrations of 2.5-micrometer particular matter(PM2.5 )and inhalable particles(PM10)in different posts are 5—10 times that of the indoor concentration of various civil buildings. Under protective conditions, the daily intake of PM2.5 and PM10 of workers is between 5 and 10 times that of ordinary civil buildings. Therefore, the post environment in the casting workshops is still relatively harsh, and there is an urgent need to develop more effective protective tools and optimize the design of ventilation systems.

参考文献/References:

[1] SHKIRKOVA K, LAMORIE-FOOTE K, CONNOR M, et al. Effects of ambient particulate matter on vascular tissue: a review[J]. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part B, Critical Reviews, 2020, 23(7): 319-350.
[2] HAMRA G B, GUHA N, COHEN A, et al. Outdoor particulate matter exposure and lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2014, 122(9): 906-911.
[3] WANG S B, JI Y Q, ZHAO J B, et al. Source apportionment and toxicity assessment of PM2.5-bound PAHs in a typical iron-steel industry city in northeast China by PMF-ILCR[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 713: 136428.
[4] YOU R, HOY S, CHANG R C C. The pathogenic effects of particulate matter on neurodegeneration: a review[J]. Journal of Biomedical Science, 2022, 29(1): 15-22.
[5] YANG L Y, LI C, TANG X X. The impact of PM2.5 on the host defense of respiratory system[J]. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2020, 8: 91-98.
[6] DENG Q H, DENG L J, MIAO Y F, et al. Particle deposition in the human lung: health implications of particulate matter from different sources[J]. Environmental Research, 2019, 169: 237-245.
[7] 黄艳秋, 赵春晓, 王怡, 等. 铜厂熔炼区污染源特征及环境参数分布特性[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2023, 23(2): 575-583.
[8] 刁永发, 吕扬, 庄加玮. 锻铸车间焊接区与切割区金属粉尘的微观特征[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2021, 21(5): 1971-1977.
[9] ZHUANG J W, DIAO Y F, SHEN H G. Numerical investigation on transport characteristics of high-temperature fine particles generated in a transiently welding process[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2021, 176: 121471.
[10] WANG H, HUANG C, LIU D, et al. Fume transports in a high rise industrial welding hall with displacement ventilation system and individual ventilation units[J]. Building and Environment, 2012, 52(3): 119-128.
[11] BAUR X, SANYAL S, ABRAHAMJ L. Mixed-dust pneumoconiosis: review of diagnostic and classification problems with presentation of a work-related case[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 652: 413-421.
[12] STANKIC S, SUMAN S, HAQUE F, et al. Pure and multi metal oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties[J]. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 2016, 14(1): 73-79.
[13] ZHOU L, LIU G J, SHEN M C, et al. Characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in indoor dust from different functional areas in Hefei, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2019, 251: 839-849.
[14] REN J L, LIU J J, CAO X D, et al. Influencing factors and energy-saving control strategies for indoor fine particles in commercial office buildings in six Chinese cities[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2017, 149: 171-179.
[15] REN J L, LIU J J, LI F, et al. A study of ambient fine particles at Tianjin International Airport, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 556: 126-135.
[16] CHOI S, PARK J H, BAE S Y, et al. Characteristics of PM10 levels monitored for more than a decade in subway stations in South Korea[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2019, 9(12): 2746-2756.
[17] 任键林. 通风过滤净化系统对室内PM2.5颗粒污染物净化效力的研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2018.
[18] HUANG H T, GAO L R, XIA D, et al. Characterization of short-and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins in outdoor/indoor PM10/PM2.5/PM1.0 in Beijing, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 225: 674-680.
[19] NADALI A, ARFAEINIA H, ASADGOL Z, et al. Indoor and outdoor concentration of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 in residential building and evaluation of negative air ions(NAIs)in indoor PM removal[J]. Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability, 2020, 32(1): 47-55.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期: 2024-04-22。
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0705305); 常州市重点研发计划立项资助项目(CE20212045); 常州大学自然科学基金资助项目(ZMF22020067)。
作者简介: 庄加玮(1990—), 男, 江苏盐城人, 博士, 讲师。通信联系人: 刁永发(1968—), E-mail: diaoyongfa@dhu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01